TURKISH ATTACKS:
The Turkish State continues to commit grave violations of international law, including war crimes, crimes against humanity and other grave violations of human rights, and has remained free from punishment and accountability.
From 20 November to the date of this report, Turkish forces continue their direct attacks on civilians, vital infrastructure facilities and other civilian objects. These attacks are indiscriminate through aerial and ground bombardments of northern and eastern Syria, which do not exclude any humanitarian or civilian considerations that undermine peacebuilding, stability and counter-terrorism efforts.
Turkey had begun its indirect intervention in Syria since the beginning of the crisis in 2011, with negative consequences for the course of the crisis and the evolution of a political solution that would bring the country’s population out of deep crises
and a tooth war that killed hundreds of thousands, injured millions and displaced tens of millions of Syrian residents. Its service institutions have also been exhausted, unable to secure the lowest quality of decent life for their citizens.
On August 24, 2016, Turkey launched Operation Euphrates Shield across the border by the Turkish army and in support of the Turkish – allied Syrian opposition in the Syrian war, leading to Turkey’s occupation of northern Syria. On 20 January 2018, Turkey and pro-Syrian opposition factions occupied Afrin as part of another military operation named “Olive Branch” accused Turkey of using internationally proscribed napalm gas in bombing towns in Afrin2 , while the Kurdish Red Crescent, in addition to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, announced that Turkish aircraft were targeted at the Afrin City Hospital on Friday, 16 March 2018, which resulted in 16 civilians being martyred.
Turkey’s offensive against north-eastern Syria has not ceased, but has continued further without the international community showing any firm reaction to protect civilians from the scourge of such attacks. In October 2019, Turkey launched Operation Peace Spring to occupy the area of Sri Kanyi and Tel Ebid. In the meantime, human rights violations were reported, with Amnesty International reporting that it had gathered evidence indicating that Turkish forces and their supported armed groups had “shown shameful disregard for civilian life, grave violations and war crimes, including deliberate killing and illegal attacks that killed and wounded civilians”3 . The North and East Syria Health Authority also reported a number of critically burned patients who appear to be the result of a chemical weapon in which Turkey is accused of using chemical white phosphorus to target people. AI stated that it had gathered evidence of war crimes and other violations committed by Turkish and Syrian forces with Turkish support, said to have “that Turkish military forces and the coalition of Syrian armed groups supported by Turkey have shown outrageous contempt for the lives of civilians; grave violations, war crimes, including murder, and illegal attacks that killed and wounded civilians; This was during the attack on northeastern Syria”4 .
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